How to optimize the performance of NdFeB Magnets by changing their alloy composition?

As a high-performance permanent magnetic material, NdFeB magnets are widely used in many fields. Optimizing performance by changing its alloy composition is the key to improving its application value.
Replacement of rare earth elements: Neodymium (Nd) is the key rare earth element in NdFeB magnets. In order to obtain different properties, it can be partially replaced by other rare earth metals such as dysprosium (Dy) and praseodymium (Pr). For example, adding dysprosium (Dy) can significantly increase the coercivity of the magnet, enhancing its ability to resist external magnetic field interference, allowing it to better maintain its magnetism in high temperature or strong magnetic field environments. The use of praseodymium (Pr) to partially replace neodymium (Nd) can reduce costs to a certain extent, and also has a positive impact on the remanence and coercive force of the magnet. It can make the magnet have better magnetic properties while maintaining good magnetic properties. Excellent price/performance ratio.
Adjustment of transition metals: Iron (Fe) is one of the main components of NdFeB magnets and can be partially replaced by other metals such as cobalt (Co) and aluminum (Al). Adding cobalt (Co) can increase the Curie temperature of the magnet and enhance the thermal stability of the magnet, so that it can still maintain good magnetic properties in high temperature environment, and expand the application temperature range of NdFeB magnets. The appropriate addition of aluminum (Al) can improve the microstructure of the magnet, enhance its corrosion resistance, reduce the decline in magnetic properties in humid or corrosive environments, and extend the service life of the magnet.
Optimization of Boron Content: Although the content of Boron (B) in NdFeB magnets is relatively small, it plays an important role in the formation of tetragonal crystal structure intermetallic compounds, which makes the compounds have high saturation magnetization, high uniaxial anisotropy and high Curie temperature. Precisely controlling the boron content can optimize the crystal structure of the magnet and thus improve the overall performance of the magnet. When the boron content is in the optimal range, the magnet can obtain a better balance between magnetic and mechanical properties.
Addition of other elements: Some trace amounts of other elements, such as niobium (Nb), zirconium (Zr), etc., can also be added. These elements can be concentrated at the grain boundaries of the magnet to refine the grains and make the organizational structure of the magnet more uniform, thereby improving the coercive force and mechanical properties of the magnet.